48 20 1152 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Salt-glazed stoneware sherd Inventory Description Salt-glazed stoneware sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.246 Intrasite H980 L6 Depth 78 - 85 cmbd Class 1 ceramic Class 2 earthenware Class 3 sherd Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 2.17 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.26 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.31 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Salt-glazed stoneware sherd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Salt-glazed stoneware with iron oxide slip Inventory Description Buff-bodied salt-glazed stoneware with iron oxide slip. From a straight-sided vessel (likely jar, bottle, or tankard) Peabody Number 2025.8.240 Intrasite H987 Level 1 Depth 18-30 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 5.63 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 4.26 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Salt-glazed stoneware with iron oxide slip https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/be0142da007d42d20bac89085b74c026.jpg 86578478265c0aac3eb3e322fa3e217d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sarsaparilla Bottle Fragment Description An account of the resource From the letters embossed on the side of this fragment (PARIL), we can conclude that this is a Sarsaparilla remedy bottle which boomed in popularity in colonial 19th century. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Photo Credit: David Ryan https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/c77bd6ebb250fb6ef348640e77eb490e.png 968e890c7b36d1ede05a3bb9e57ad0fe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 19th century advertisement for common remedies Description An account of the resource The medicine industry began to boom in New England in the 19th century with profits being used to advertise the more affluent population using their product. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/Patent_Medicine.pdf https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/fa2e8770ad2d5894b63bbea4447be27e.jpg 8c403ae0d67f95055466e3952c019564 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A complete Dalton's Sarsaparilla Bottle from the 19th century Description An account of the resource Sarsaparilla was a commonly distributed remedy in the 19th century for diseases such as dyspepsia, typhoid and cholera that home treatments couldn't cure with Dalton's being a renowned producer in New England. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://sha.org/bottle/Typing/medicine/daltons.jpg Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2017 Assignment 3 Archaeological Find Object Name Sarsaparilla bottle fragment Inventory Description Sarsaparilla bottle fragment Peabody Number 2016.29.807 Intrasite H932 Level 2 Depth 67-96 Class 1 Glass Class 2 Bottle Glass Class 3 Colorless bottle glass Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 3.5 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 4 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sarsaparilla bottle fragment Description An account of the resource Hello, my name is Isaac Emerson and I am currently a first year student at Harvard College. I followed in my father’s footsteps by studying at Cambridge, although, right now I’m struggling to see myself earning my diploma. See, soon upon my arrival at Harvard I contracted dyspepsia, a common illness at the present. It coincided with my recent poor diet due to my family suffering from financial difficulties. Luckily I was able to obtain Sarsaparilla remedy from a doctor who regularly travelled to the college. However, I am worried that I’m not going to be able to afford this professional medical care and the expensive medicine for too much longer. The mother of the family generally provides routine health care, which has meant that the poorer students that I have met who have also fallen ill have been forced to return home so that they can be treated with less expensive home remedies. As I writhed with the pain in my stomach last night, I reached for my Sarsaparilla bottle but knocked it over, smashing it in the process. The industry for medicine has become hugely profit driven. I can even see, from my bedroom window, an advertisement of a man sitting in a lavish chair, eating from fine porcelain while pouring Sarsaparilla into his glass! It seems like medicine is being made for the rich, not the sick these days. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Baker, Perry. "Patent Medicine: Cures and Quacks" Pilgrim Society and Pilgrim Hall Museum. http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/Patent_Medicine.pdf Society for Historical Archaeology. "Medicinal/Chemical/Druggist Bottles" https://sha.org/bottle/medicinal.htm#Sarsaparilla 19 bottle glass medicine https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/879f1d62d30406c8fa79d2fea37dbfd5.jpg 7ac08c66f15e70904bf7d5545792345e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sarsaparilla Patent Medicine Bottle Fragments (Peabody 2018.24.153). https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/67da4a7184c34be76f3a215582b49bbb.jpg 6d92fbd8fd2432813a57d58a7e4a8474 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Children and pregnant mothers were often included on trade cards to signal the family-wide appropriateness of sarsaparilla. Images of youth enhanced the perception of longevity offered by patent medicine. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Ayer, James C. (Manufacturer). "Trade card for Ayer's Sarsaparilla, Dr. J.C. Ayer & Co., Lowell, Mass, undated." Historic New England, https://hne-rs.s3.amazonaws.com/filestore/1/4/0/1/7/3_5db1a444c8edce7/140173scr_7a98622f3fa9326.jpg. https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/4ddedf6a7943efab87a3270e09c19387.jpg 01e3c82262778cbfa704bf57c627589e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Medicinal advertisements employed half-truths: It is likely that many Hood’s Sarsaparilla users had also recovered (naturally) from their ailments. Causal studies would not appear until the advances of twentieth-century statistics. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hood, Charles I. (Manufacturer). "In the Light of its Record of Cures take Hood's Sarsaparilla, 1896." Philadelphia Museum of Art, http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/228791.html?mulR=287. https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/43da88af4ee355a59467a9169536eef2.jpg 4fa7fc8b66c1fbebd4061221608a31be Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Patent medicine advertising drew power from its ubiquity. Even in Olean, NY (a town of 4,000 in the 1890 census), Hood’s Sarsaparilla would have been available at a local pharmacy. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hood, Charles I. (Manufacturer). “The Olean Democrat., March 10, 1887, Page 5, Image 5.” New York State Historic Newspapers, http://nyshistoricnewspapers.org/lccn/sn92061812/1887-03-10/ed-1/seq-5/image_681x463_from_1700,4075_to_4413,5920.jpg. Archaeological Find Object Name Sarsaparilla Patent Medicine Bottle Fragments Inventory Description Sarsaparilla Patent Medicine Bottle Fragments Peabody Number 2018.24.153 Intrasite H962 Level 1 Depth 50-59 cm Class 1 Glass Class 2 Bottle Glass Class 3 Aqua Bottle Glass Quantity 4 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 7.5 cm Width (cm) Dimension of Object 4.5 cm Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.6 cm Notes The largest fragment features the letters "LOW" (partial "W") and "MAS" on two lines. A distinct possibility is noted of the object matching sarsaparilla bottle fragments found during the 2016 excavations (Peabody 2016.29.61). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sarsaparilla Patent Medicine Bottle Fragments Subject The topic of the resource These aqua bottle fragments offer a glimpse into late nineteenth century medicinal advertising. Among many lucrative patent medicines was sarsaparilla, marketed as a "blood purifier" offering relief from anemia, indigestion and skin diseases, among other afflictions (Estes 1988, 6). Producers without formal medical training employed "medical propaganda" to promote sarsaparilla in calendars, almanacs, coloring books and other paper advertisements; by the late nineteenth century, most medical journals advertised patent medicines and physicians frequently prescribed them (Dykstra 1955, 402). This bottle was likely manufactured by either C.I. Hood & Co. or the James C. Ayer Company, which were both headquartered in Lowell, Massachusetts. The rival producers held substantial commercial influence: By the 1890s, Ayer distributed over 16 million annual copies of its almanac in 21 languages; Hood’s annual advertisements during the same period numbered 25 million, making it the largest user of U.S. mail in Lowell (Estes 1988, 8; Griffin 2014). Sarsaparilla advertisements often included chemical formulas to convey authority; others selectively quoted biblical verses, most notably Leviticus 17:11— "the life of the flesh is in the blood" (Estes 1988, 8, 11). Manufacturers often trademarked sarsaparilla rather than patenting it, which would have required disclosure of the 18% alcohol solution generating disproportionate financial returns (Dykstra 1955, 403, 406). The fragment’s raised lettering—which had appeared in medicine bottles by the late eighteenth century—serves as one example of the medical texts that permeated nineteenth-century Bostonian life (Hume 2001, 75). Whether advertised in newspapers, calendars or in glass, it would not be until the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act that proprietary medicines were placed under strict federal oversight. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Dykstra, David L. "The Medical Profession and Patent and Proprietary Medicines during the Nineteenth Century." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 29 (1955): 401-419. Estes, J. Worth. "The Pharmacology of Nineteenth-Century Patent Medicines." Pharmacy in History 30, no. 1 (1988): 3-18. Griffin, Jessica. "Hood’s Sarsaparilla, Lowell, MA." Old Main Artifacts. https://oldmainartifacts.wordpress.com/2014/01/21/hoods-sarsaparilla-lowell-ma/. Hume, Ivor Noël. 2001. A Guide to the Artifacts of Colonial America. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Scratch blue rim sherd Inventory Description Scratch blue rim sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.500 Culture/Period 1740-1780 Intrasite H982 Level 7 Depth 93-106 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.17 Width (cm) Dimension of Object .87 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .13 Notes Possibly from the same vessel as 2025.8.501, based on similarity of thickness, glaze and paste Century 18th Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Scratch blue rim sherd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Scratch blue sherds Inventory Description Scratch blue sherds Peabody Number 2025.8.388 Intrasite H987 level 7 Depth 86-96 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Sherd Class 3 Sherd Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.8 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.3 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Scratch blue sherds Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name scratch blue sherds Inventory Description scratch blue sherds Peabody Number 2025.8.536 Intrasite H987 level 6B Depth 77-88 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Stoneware Class 3 n/a Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.5 Width (cm) Dimension of Object .9 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource scratch blue sherds https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/345a37605a57e06f2e9db8137c4adfc5.png b3084f4f4aacf7dd5b148bda7b55ead6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Scratch Blue Stoneware Sherd https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/96f1837e6b58b31c8cd5d38e5a849b50.jpg 05c147cc040db39e9fd8b9a5d11ccc04 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource White Salt-Glazed Stoneware Saucer With Scratch Blue Decoration Description An account of the resource This saucer was found at the Three Cranes Tavern site in Charlestown, Boston. It is an intact example of the type of ware and design observed in the sherd. Notice the very similar chevron motif around the flat bottom of the saucer, similar to the location that the sherd would have corresponded to. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc/mhcarchexhibitsonline/images/Three-Cranes/Three-Cranes-Tavern-Case-A/23-Saucer-White-Salt-Glazed-Scrath-Blue-Ves-18.jpg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Massachusetts Historical Commission https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/6dd09c80590cdc89e488ba3c6751d59a.jpg 79c723d23ed82d33c817a45a3a4141f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource White Salt-Glazed Tea Bowl With Scratch Blue Decoation Description An account of the resource This bowl was also excavated from the Three Cranes Tavern Site and it is part of a matching set along with the saucer. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc/mhcarchexhibitsonline/images/Three-Cranes/Three-Cranes-Tavern-Case-A/22-Tea-Bowl-White-Salt-Glazed-Scratch-Blue-Ves-119.jpg Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Massachusetts Historical Commission https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/af49e9b73f8afb97f6eb4c3506885d14.jpg 09e2eb55d2ee9dbbd54ae36f7052e9dc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource First Page of the Townshend Acts of 1767 Description An account of the resource The Townshend Acts of 1767 were a series of acts proposed by Chancellor Charles Townshend and the British Parliament that instituted a series of taxes and regulations on various goods and government entities. The acts were source of discontent among the American colonists, including Harvard students. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://www.theworldsgreatbooks.com/Acts%20of%20Parliament/parliament%20ny%20assemb%20act.jpg Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2017 Assignment 3 Archaeological Find Object Name Scratch Blue Stoneware Inventory Description Scratch blue (white salt-glaze with incised lines filled with cobalt blue glaze) stoneware sherd. Curved chevron design. Likely part of a saucer. Peabody Number 2016.29.1386 Intrasite H935 Level 4 Depth 73-83cm Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Sherd Class 3 Body Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.4 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.1 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.8 Culture/Period Ca. 1744-1775 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Scratch Blue Stoneware Description An account of the resource Journal Entry: April 1768* Mother and Father just paid a visit. Boring, as usual. Before they left for home Mother left me a gift: a tea set. As if I needed another one! Mother had insisted on giving me a set when I first left to come to the College. It was a very fine set, real Chinese porcelain that she had made Father get for her. I never used it, of course, since I took my tea in the Commons. I ended up selling it to buy some rum. When she inquired about it I told her I had broken it. And what does she do? She gives me another set! This one is of a much stronger material; she clearly does not trust me with porcelain anymore. The matching bowls and saucers are English made. They seem sturdy and have a rather pleasant floral motif on them made by blue lines ingeniously scratched upon the surface (Hume 2001:117; MACL 2002). Sadly they will also remain as decoration for I do not intend to use them. I do not know why she keeps insisting on giving me tea sets. Of course, no respectable household is complete without one and I am quite familiar with the salutary effects of tea but such frivolous expenditure is unbecoming. At least my family is one of means and Father can afford Mother’s fancies. Similar excessive spending by women of the lower classes, however, is quite unacceptable and, frankly, a threat to our economy. Perhaps she thinks having my own set will encourage me to drink more tea and be more of a gentleman (Kowaleski-Wallace 1994). In any case, even if I did not take my tea in the Commons, with the plan that is unfolding it is unlikely these tea bowls would see much use. For I have talked with several of my classmates and we are planning to get all of the Senior Sophisters to pledge to refrain from the drinking of tea as a protest of the increased taxes implemented under Chancellor Townshend (Morrison 1936:133). *This is a fictionalized journal entry written from the point of view of an eighteenth century Harvard College senior. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman R. Storer Corrada Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hume, Ivor Nöel 2001. A Guide to Artifacts of Colonial America. University of Pennsylvania Press. Kowaleski-Wallace, Beth. 1994. Tea, Gender, and Domesticity in Eighteenth-Century England. Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture 23: 131–45. Manhattan Rare Book Company n.d. The Townsend Acts of 1767. The World’s Great Books. Accessed May 6, 2017. http://www.theworldsgreatbooks.com/townsendacts.htm Maryland Archaeological Conservation Lab 2002. “White Salt-Glazed Stoneware.” Diagnostic Artifacts in Maryland. Accessed May 6, 2017. https://www.jefpat.org/diagnostic/ColonialCeramics/Colonial%20Ware%20Descriptions/WhiteSalt-glazed.html Massachusetts Historical Commission 2014. Three Cranes Tavern. MHC’s Archaeological Exhibits Online. Accessed May 6, 2017. http://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc/mhcarchexhibitsonline/threecranes.htm Morison, Samuel Eliot 1936. Three Centuries of Harvard, 1636–1936. Belknap Press. Reprinted, 2006. 18 ceramic stoneware https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/542562adade5e946f96e1ba704dabb69.jpg 5aa9f540b7cb8e38314163276a9c1e6b Archaeological Find Object Name Shell Peabody Number 2021.6.577 Intrasite Level 7 H968 Quantity 3 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.8 cm Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.4 cm Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1.1 cm Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Shell Inventory Description Shell Peabody Number 2025.8.499 Intrasite H987 Level 6 Depth 73-99 cm bd Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Quantity 3 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.4 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.1 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/4d4348c3a9287624243d07b3b00fe881.jpg 874672ff2fec74b6a8c60261378ec6bd Archaeological Find Object Name Shell edge pearlware plate rim sherd Inventory Description A shell edge pearlware plate rim sherd with blue decoration on a white body. The edge is scalloped. Peabody Number 2021.6.38 Culture/Period 1800-1830s Intrasite H974 Depth 18-28cm Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Earthenware Class 3 Pearlware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.1 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.1 Century 19th century Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell edge pearlware plate rim sherd 19th Century https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/76f6b2b8d191eec89b4e4bc5f0893756.JPG 4e8177c017fa8b81d6a96188badc0705 https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/10fe652ac24774522c5f4b5fb5e26a4c.jpg 92476510f8f77d952b8ca7073f9be193 https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/a32677b7cd962b2bdd089316ecc86eec.jpg 12c828570d87af3279eadb04c048904a Archaeological Find Object Name Shell Fragment Inventory Description Shell Fragment Peabody Number 2018.24.93 Intrasite H955 Level 1 Depth 51-61 cm Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Class 3 Fragment Quantity 5 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.9 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.6 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell Fragment Subject The topic of the resource These shell fragments found in Harvard Yard tell us a little about the diet of colonial students at Harvard. Shellfish, like the oysters seen here, would have made up part of the cuisine of any student at Harvard. Cookbooks from the seventeenth century tell us how they may have been served: covered in flour and then fried. In addition, images from the eighteenth century tell us how much they would have cost: twelve pence a peck (approximately 15 pounds). Dining at Harvard would have been a community affair, and there were very strict rules for dining staff about what could be served and when. One such rule was, “not to have the same dish ordinarily above twice in one week.” Students, professors, and tutors could all be found dining together in the hall. It is very possible that one of the dishes they dined on was shellfish, probably locally sourced from the Atlantic Ocean. Knowing the date of these particular shells is difficult to determine, as they are organic materials without any style or build that might indicate their time period. They were found with pipe stems dating between 1720-1800, so it is possible they are also from that time, but certainly not definitively. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived To frye Mussels, Perywinckels, or Oysters, to serue with a Ducke, or single by themselves. BOyle these shell-Fishes: then flowre and frye them: then put them into a Pipkin, with a pinte of Claret Wine, Sinamon, Sugar, and Pepper. Take your Ducke boyled or roasted, and put them into two seuerall Pipkins, if one be boyled, and the other roasted and a little Sugar, large Mace, and fryed toasts, stuck around about it with Butter. http://www.staff.uni-giessen.de/gloning/tx/1615murr.htm This 1615 cookbook shows a common method of cooking shellfish. The Puritans would have had English cookbooks like this one in 17th century New England. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.ARCH:14107855 The Harvard Steward Records show what dining at Harvard would have been like, including the rule “That there always be two dishes for dinner.” Shellfish may have comprised one of those dishes. http://id.lib.harvard.edu/via/olvwork732808/catalog This 1733 image shows a man selling Oysters, a common food in the period, and a common find in the Harvard Yard Excavation. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jamie 17 organic https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/7d11d93d81d0a37146e4dccd0815dedf.jpg 91eb2ba1bd3a01bbdd2d0a5467aa96b6 Archaeological Find Object Name Shell fragments Peabody Number 2021.6.483 Intrasite H968 Level 5 Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Quantity 6 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 3.3 cm Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.8 cm Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.8 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell fragment Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Shell fragment Inventory Description Shell fragment Peabody Number 2025.8.55 Intrasite H984 level 4 wall fall Depth 72-86 cmbd Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Class 3 Fragment Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 2 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.3 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1.1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell fragment Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Shell fragment Inventory Description Shell fragment Peabody Number 2025.8.546 Intrasite H987 Level 6 Depth 77-88 cm bd Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.3 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell fragment https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/0d7a2c6e54475893c7202afe67077bcd.jpg bd3e3d70a7d7c5f9fb5e583a0abadc19 Archaeological Find Object Name Shell fragments Inventory Description 2 pieces of shell fragment Peabody Number 2021.6.68 Intrasite H968 Level 2 Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.4 cm Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.2 cm Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.15 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell fragments https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/328712b2a6048c8e7371265f2ac7d76a.jpg 7d4907ba87cd8114a6889da8a63c14d6 Archaeological Find Object Name Shell fragments Peabody Number 2021.6.85 Intrasite H968 Level 3 Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Quantity 3 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 2.6 cm Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.4 cm Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.4 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell fragments Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Shell fragments Inventory Description Shell fragments Peabody Number 2025.8.591 Intrasite H982 Level 7 Depth 93-106 cmbd Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Class 3 Fragment Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.26 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 0.85 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shell fragments https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/42fdea4974b48c3e6b15a3d3f938cf81.jpg 300aa78c5c625e5e634dbbf2fa38e0a0 Archaeological Find Object Name shell piece (?) Inventory Description A small white fragment of shell or potentially ceramic Peabody Number 2021.6.100 Intrasite H970 L8 Depth 64+cm Class 1 Organic Class 2 Shell Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object .4 Width (cm) Dimension of Object .2 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource shell piece (?) https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/d607ad70729193a7efd5b371a775943d.jpg 54a6ee298d99e8df0e65512e92128caf Archaeological Find Object Name Sherds of lead glazed earthenware Inventory Description 7 sherds of lead glazed earthen ware of varying body and glaze colors. One has a brown body and the others have red bodies. The brown body has brown glaze and the red bodies have light brown/tan glaze. Peabody Number 2021.6.51 Intrasite H974 Depth 18-28cm Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Earthenware Class 3 Sherd Quantity 7 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 3.5 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 2 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1.6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sherds of lead glazed earthenware