44 20 1152 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Redware Sherd Inventory Description Redware Sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.488 Intrasite H984 Wall Fall Depth 0-72cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Earthenware Class 3 Redware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 3 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 2.1 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Redware Sherd https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/be6f2887e98ed87476e9e41cf37c57ee.jpeg c06daa003c8a3b3a8d240dae5619474b https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/d6b11498f76ec6f345a527b3c1ef7b7e.jpg 91ae933f791651cf88a165009ebb257c Archaeological Find Object Name Resin Blob Peabody Number 2021.6.207 Intrasite H971 Level 5 Depth 27 cm Class 1 Synthetic Class 2 Unclassified Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object .6 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.2 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .6 Notes Material Unknown Century Unknown (c. 18th?) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Resin Blob Subject The topic of the resource Resin Blob Description An account of the resource A small, white resin blob. Initially mistaken for a tooth. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish brown stoneware Inventory Description Rhenish brown stoneware Peabody Number 2025.8.510 Intrasite H982 Level 7 Depth 93-106 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.33 Width (cm) Dimension of Object .92 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish brown stoneware Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware Inventory Description Ceramic, rhenish stoneware, cobalt glaze Peabody Number 2025.8.450 Intrasite H980 L7 Depth 83 - 99 cmdd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 2.71 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.75 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/af18a6fd5e1bf16c8f7a0c17d39e2d54.jpg 62d2273a360780e48fe0dee6d54f4fce Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware handle https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/f9065a107b4f06d3cba1a56528123d9a.jpg 1be999a84fae58bcf74aaf5fe4a54c09 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware handle https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/f8c0f5c0ccdb40c47b2c4fea8cdae5ff.jpg 77d21f11af8ea0e508fba870b26b03c0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 18th Century Rhenish Stoneware vessel showing handles shaped similar to the excavated sherd Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://apps.jefpat.maryland.gov/diagnostic/ColonialCeramics/ColonialWare-thumbnails/rhenish_stoneware_images.htm#StampedAndIncised4 https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/fe4bd73780471b5c13611e772764898a.jpg a83bb01825006eaa644d3b9e4499dcf7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 18th Century Rhenish Stoneware vessel showing handles shaped similar to the excavated sherd Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://apps.jefpat.maryland.gov/diagnostic/ColonialCeramics/ColonialWare-thumbnails/rhenish_stoneware_images.htm#StampedAndIncised4 https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/d86f6cd9cfb650dade74bd5dc4ceaec8.jpg eda9cb9deff5631de7ad801c1d8b4317 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harvard College College Commons Records Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware handle Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware handle Peabody Number 2025.8.50 Intrasite H980 Level 6 Depth 78-85 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 2.8 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 2.1 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 2.2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware handle Subject The topic of the resource This Rhenish stoneware handle sherd was found in Level 6 of Unit H980, and was likely part of a vessel used for everyday life. Rhenish stoneware originated in Rhineland, Germany, but was later produced in many different regions and became a widely traded import in England and its North American colonies. There are two main types of Rhenish stoneware: brown stoneware and blue-on-gray (Hume 1970). The piece found in H980, a light gray-bodied ceramic with cobalt coloring, belongs to the latter. This type of Rhenish stoneware dominated British imports in the late 17th and 18th centuries and continued to be shipped to the colonies in large quantities until the 1770s. More specifically, the shape of this sherd resembles the handles of eighteenth-century Rhenish stoneware vessels, which typically feature a V-shaped terminal, accurately reflecting the time period when the first Harvard Hall was in use. Other than its often elaborate decorations, Rhenish stoneware was valued for its durability and impermeability and was mostly used for storage, serving, drinking, and sanitation. In the early 1700s, Rhenish stoneware was commonly made into tankards, mugs, jugs, and chamber pots, so it is reasonable to infer that the handle found in H980 most likely came from a vessel used regularly for drinking (Diagnostic Artifacts in Maryland 2026). Its presence in Harvard Yard suggests that at least some students had access to imported goods that were relatively costly and fashionable. Because college regulations required students to dine communally in the Hall, meals were a central and public part of student life on campus (Harvard University 1765–1829). Therefore, the choice of personal tableware would have made differences in economic background and social status among students apparent. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived N.d.Diagnostic Artifacts in Maryland. https://apps.jefpat.maryland.gov/diagnostic/, accessed February 27, 2026. (This source offers detailed descriptions of the forms, decorative styles, and functional uses of Rhenish stoneware.) Hume, Ivor Noël. 1970. A Guide to Artifacts of Colonial America. [1st ed.]. New York: Knopf. https://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/990012245160203941/catalog. (This source provides a foundational overview of Rhenish stoneware, explaining its origin, characteristics, and history in colonial America.) College Commons Records. Harvard Commons Records, 1772–1820. UAI 15.250, Box 1. Harvard University Archives, Cambridge, MA. Accessed March 6, 2026. https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.arch:14107855. (This source provides information about student dining practices, showing how meals were a structured and important part of campus life. ) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware handle sherd Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware handle sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.555 Intrasite H979 Level 8 Depth 97 - 107 cm bd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 3.4 cm Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.8 cm Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware handle sherd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware ceramic sherd Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware, ceramic Peabody Number 2025.8.172 Intrasite H980 L6 Depth 78 - 85 cmbd Class 1 ceramic Class 2 rhenish stoneware Height (cm) Dimension of Object 0.97 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 0.86 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.45 Quantity 1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish Stoneware Sherd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware sherd Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.261 Intrasite H984 Level 3 Depth 27-56 cm bd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 2.3 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.4 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware sherd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware sherd Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.390 Intrasite H987 level 7 Depth 86-96 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Class 3 Sherd Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 2.4 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.5 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware sherd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware sherd Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.534 Intrasite H987 level 6B Depth 77-88 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish Stoneware Class 3 n/a Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.4 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.2 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware sherd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware sherd, blue on gray Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware sherd, cobalt glaze and incised decorations Peabody Number 2025.8.507 Intrasite H982 Level 7 Depth 93-106 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 3.3 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1.95 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .43 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware sherd, blue on gray Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware sherd, manganese Inventory Description ceramic, rhenish stoneware, manganese, sherd Peabody Number 2025.8.456 Intrasite H980 L7 Depth 83 - 99 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.19 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 0.81 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.44 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware sherd, manganese Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware sherds Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware sherds Peabody Number 2025.8.389 Intrasite H987 level 7 Depth 86-96 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish stoneware Class 3 Sherd Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 1.5 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 1 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware sherds Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2025 Collection Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish stoneware sherds Inventory Description Rhenish stoneware sherds Peabody Number 2025.8.458 Intrasite H987 level 6A Depth 73-99 cmbd Class 1 Ceramic Class 2 Rhenish Stoneware Class 3 Sherd Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object .7 Width (cm) Dimension of Object .6 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object .12 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish stoneware sherds https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/3d1fc7083c794e0a9291e2501857a5e5.jpg b2ff7412ceb14dacd31167cf6fa7a271 https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/0e7241e2f53b80e330a9dfd5c3c1d873.png a7b92d7927cceb9aebb255563cbae218 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bellarmine Bottle from Towne Neck. It is hypothesized that the sherd we excavated came from a Bellarmine bottle such as this. Description An account of the resource An example of a bellarmine bottle found in Towne Neck with a medallion imprinted on its body. https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/6b7efdb47694a43d016ab0012f2815ee.png de2de1b8fc49d237e7068777aadc057a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource This 17th century dining hall menu shows very European food choices such as brisket, pudding, bread and beer. Description An account of the resource This 17th century dining hall menu shows very European food choices such as brisket, pudding, bread and beer. https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/bae9dae81ec591581208713fbb88cafc.png ad52d9fc5926c0b2d61afd77fcac9be9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A page from the Butler's handbook where he documented food and drink that was served in the dining hall Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2017 Assignment 3 Archaeological Find Object Name Rhenish Stoneware: Bellarmine Bottle Inventory Description stoneware body sherd Peabody Number 2016.29.719 Culture/Period 19th century Intrasite H938 Depth Level 2 (62-71) Class 1 ceramic Class 2 body Class 3 sherd Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 3 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 2 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 0.7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rhenish Stoneware: Bellarmine Bottle Description An account of the resource Background: The website, Diagnostic Artifacts of Maryland, allows us to conclude that the artifact that we excavated is a German brown salt glaze stoneware with iron oxide slip from the 17th century (Image 1). This is most likely from the neck of a bellarmine bottle because it has the shape of a bellarmine bottleneck (Artifacts of Colonial Maryland). Bellarmine bottles were used primarily for storage, service and consumption, and sanitary purposes. Rhenish stoneware has a direct connection to colonialism because medallions of different king of England, such as King George, were often imprinted on the bellarmine bottle’s body (Image 2). Journal entry: I began my day at breakfast where I consumed milk that was stored in a bellarmine bottle, along with a few biscuits. Most of our food and drink here at Harvard has a European influence, for example we often eat scones and biscuits (Image 3). While people left Europe to escape some traditional European values such as the protestant religion, there is still a heavy colonial influence here in America. In fact, my professors will often travel to Europe to present their work. One of my professors, John Winthrop, presented his scientific and astronomical work to the Royal Society and to the larger scientific community of England. From seals on our bellarmine bottle that are stamped with names of English Kings, to our academics, it is clear that many facets of our life here at Harvard are heavily influenced by Europe and that we maintain colonial ties to Europe. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://www.jefpat.org/diagnostic/ColonialCeramics/ColonialWare-thumbnails/rhenish_stoneware_images.htm#armorial-heraldicmedallion http://hul.harvard.edu/lib/archives/h1718/pages/history.html 17 18 bellarmine bottle rhenish stoneware https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/47c6474a5f953c9aedb7e7f75975057d.jpg c2456adf9a2b8500799824a3a373a1bd Archaeological Find Object Name roof tile Inventory Description red roof tile with fragments Peabody Number 2021.6.103 Culture/Period 17 Intrasite H970 Level 8 Depth 64+cm Class 1 Architectural Class 2 Ceramic Class 3 Roof Tile Quantity 5 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 4.1 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 7.5 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1.7 Century 17 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Roof tile https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/c206d09407725301f93d48063bcc81d7.jpg 0c8ce33f0f019a1d1453a8ce93627701 Archaeological Find Object Name Roof tile Inventory Description Large red clay roof tile with finger indents Peabody Number 2021.6.54 Intrasite H970 L7 Depth 54-64 cm Class 1 Architectural Class 2 Ceramic Class 3 Roof tile Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 13.9 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 13.5 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1.8 Notes May have finger indentations (the pointer, middle, and ring), on mottled backside with thumb indentation on smoother front Century 17 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Roof tile 17 roof tile https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/7817c3b0879ad9abef4592c07dda112d.jpg 4ec8f60a6959c72908d60e207798bd9f Archaeological Find Object Name roof tile Inventory Description Old College red roof tile Peabody Number 2021.6.386 Intrasite H970 L2 Depth 3-13cm Class 1 architectural Class 2 ceramic Class 3 roof tile Quantity 3 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 8.5 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 4.5 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1.5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Roof tile https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/c16ddb4d3a0ca0579ed890e8f88e8e3d.jpg 0029f8ed7d3e3bff492d67de87c2eff7 Archaeological Find Object Name Roof tile Inventory Description two pieces of roof tile reconstructed into single piece with scrape marks Peabody Number 2021.6.425 Intrasite H970 L6 Depth 47-59 Class 1 architectural Class 2 ceramic Class 3 roof tile Quantity 2 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 12.2 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 13.2 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 1.7 Notes measurements for both tiles together Century 17 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Roof tile https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/anth1130/original/9b43545770931852b2935ca1f7921886.jpg df16e914e7e008955a5178b6590b40bc Archaeological Find Object Name roof tile Inventory Description red roof tile Peabody Number 2021.6.424 Intrasite H970 L6 Depth 47-56cm Class 1 Architectural Class 2 ceramic Class 3 roof tile Quantity 1 Height (cm) Dimension of Object 12 Width (cm) Dimension of Object 9.4 Depth/Thickness (cm) Dimension of Object 2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource roof tile